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Climate change, human activity causing global water cycles to become 'increasingly erratic': World Meteorological Organization_我的网站

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A | Climate change and human activity are causing the world's hydrological cycle to spin out of balance, according to a new report from the World Meteorological Organization.Global water cycles are becoming "increasingly erratic" due to droughts, extreme rainfall and the increased melting of snow, ice and glaciers -- all of which are a threat to long-term water security, the 2022 State of Global Water Resources report, released Thursday, found.About 3.6 billion people already face inadequate access to water at least a month per year, according to the United Nations. That number is expected to increase to 5 billion by 2050, officials said.Extreme glacier loss is occurring from the Tibetan Plateau to mountain ranges in the Himalayas, the Alps and the Andes -- all of which threaten the water security for millions of people who live on the rivers supplied by the melting."Glaciers and ice cover are retreating before our eyes," WMO Secretary-General Petteri Tallas said in a statement.In addition, rising temperatures have accelerated, causing the atmosphere to hold more moisture and facilitate more heavy downpour episodes that lead to flooding, Tallas said, adding that the "overwhelming majority" of disasters are water-related.More than 50% of the global catchment areas in large river basins experienced deviations from normal discharge conditions in 2022, according to the report. Most of these areas were drier than normal, but a smaller percentage of basins displayed above or much above normal conditions.Hotter temperatures are also causing more evaporation and much more intense droughts, Tallas said.Throughout 2022, anomalies in soil moisture and evaporation also experienced deviations, according to the report. Places like Europe saw increased evaporation and decreased soil moisture and river flows during the summer due to a major heat wave and drought, which led to challenges in agriculture as well as the shutdown of some hydrological power plants due to lack of cooling water, according to the report.Severe droughts impacted other parts of Europe in Summer 2022, posing transportation challenges on the Danube and Rhine rivers in Germany, and disrupting nuclear power production in France. In the U.S., the navigation on the Mississippi River was affected by extremely low water levels due to the continuous drought occurring in the region.The switch from La Nina in 2022 to El Nino conditions in 2023 will likely also have a major impact on water cycles around the world, the researchers said.The WMO is calling for improved monitoring and data-sharing across borders, as well as an increase in investments to facilitate international collaboration, in order to help society cope with increasing water extremes, whether it be too much or too little. They are also calling for more early warnings, and coordinated water management policy, according to the report.。

B | 亚马逊将从现有合作伙伴美国航空运输服务集团(ATSG)租赁这10架飞机。此前，亚马逊已在2016年从ATSG租赁了20架波音767货运飞机。今年11月，亚马逊接收了第40架波音767货运飞机，使得正在使用的货运飞机已达40家。这10架新飞机将在未来两年加入亚马逊机队。届时，亚马逊的机队规模将增至50架。亚马逊还将于2019年在沃思堡机场开设一个新的地区航空枢纽，然后在2021年在辛辛那提/北肯塔基国际机场再开设一个航空枢纽。之前有报道称，ATSG将在未来三年收购20架从美国航空公司退役的二手波音767。

C | 这种客机可以改装为货运飞机，而且亚马逊很可能是主要客户。

D | 不过，ATSG在消息传出时拒绝点出亚马逊就是其客户。就在几天前，联邦快递淡化了亚马逊的威胁。联邦快递CEO史密斯对投资者表示：“目前，我们并未把他们视为同业竞争对手。

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Published on:13:25:22

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